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In this present paper the male genitalia are studied of 266 species of Braconidae, they are grouped into 114 genera and 29 subfamilies. Seven morphological characters of male genitalia including basal ring, parameres, volsellae, digitus, cuspis, aedeagal apodeme and aedeagus are selected for analysis in an attempt to assess the subfamilies of Braconidae. The book is shown that the male genitalia of Braconidae can be divided into two major groups. One is a lineage group mainly comprising of the ectoparasitic Cyclostomes, the other is an advanced endoparasitic Helconoid-lineage and the Microgastroid-lineage group. Generally, three groups of Braconidae in the phylogenettic analysis of the subfamilies of the Braconidae are supported by our research of the male genitalia. Male genitalia of each braconid subfamily which have apomorphic character-states would undoubtedly help with interpretation of the evolution of the subfamilies and obviously character-state has evolved independently. Generally, the species within a genus display a consistent set of characters-states, and the variation in the male genitalia between genera in the same subfamily in present.

                 

PART 1:  General Account
     Chapter 1 Morphology and biology
     Chapter 2 Phylogeny
     Chapter 3 Key to subfamilies of family Braconidae worldwide
PART 2: Systematic Account 
     Chapter  1  Helconoid-lineage
                        1.Blacinae; 2.Homolobinae; 3.Helconinae; 4.Macrocentrinae; 5.Sigalphinae; 6.Xiphozelinae van Achterberg
                        7.Euporinae; 8.Cercobarconinae; 9.Agathidinae; 10.Origilinae Ashmead;
      Chapter 2  Microgastroid-lineage
                        11.Cheloninae; 12.Cardiochilinae; 13.Miracinae; 14.Neoneurinae; 15.Microgastrinae;
      Chapter 3 Cyclostome
                       16.Braconinae; 17.Rogadinae Foerster; 18.Doryctinae; 19.Exothecini Foerster; 20.Hormiini
                        21.Pambolinae Marshall; 22.Rhysipolinae; 23.Lysiterminae; 24.Histeromerinae; 25.Betylobraconinae
                        26.Ypsistocerinae; 27.Telengaiinae; 28.Opiinae; 29.Alysiinae
      Chapter 4  The Male Genitalia for the study of Phylogeny
       Appendix
      References
      English Summary

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