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The earliest jades known in Sichuan and Chongqing derive from the Daxi Culture in the eastern part of the Sichuan Basin and from other Neolithic remains in the northwest at Yingpanshan, Maoxian County. Jades from the Three Gorges and Yangtze River of Chongqing area are identical in type to those from the middle valley of the Yangtze River, and have certain features in common with the Songze, Xuejiagang and Liangzhu Cultures of the lower Yangtze River valley.
In 1997, the earliest known jades from the Chengdu Plain were discovered in an earthen pit at Sanxingdui, Guanghan. These jade finds date to approximately 4000 years ago and belong to the late Baodun Culture.
Since the 1920’s jades have been found at Sanxingdui in Guanghan. The types are rich and unprecedented in variation, including scepters(zhang), dagger-axe(ge), bi, cong(tubes), knives, spear heads, chisels, adzes, axes, spades, spatulas, etc. Stylistically, Sanxingdui jades are influenced by the Central Plains traditions of Xia and Shang, although the jades also have idiosyncratic, local characteristics.
In 2001, Jinsha site was discovered and was identified as the center of the Shierqiao Culture that succeeds Sanxingdui. Jades and related artifacts found within sacrificial remains at the site are extremely rich and refined in quality, totaling over 2000 in number.
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