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The earliest jades known in Shaanxi, small in number and type, and simple in shape and working technique, belong to the Laoguantai Culture. The distribution of jades belonging to the Yangshao Culture currently ia primarily in Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi. The largest number of jades was discovered at the site of Longgangsi, Nanzheng. Representative types include the jade knife with drilled holes and middle spine, and a turquoise arc-shaped pendant(huang) taking the shape of the〝凹〞graph. In addition the The-shaped black jade hairpin is another widely distributed type associated with the Yangshao Culture.
Longshan period jades are primarily distributed in northern Shaanxi, as represented by Shimao and Xinhua in Shenmu, and Lushanmao in Yan’an, and secondarily are distributed in the Guanzhong area. The most popular jade type of this era are the jade yazhang(zhang scepter with flaking edge serrations) and large knife.
Various prehistoric cultural jades continue to appear in later dated tombs and sites in Shaanxi. The few Shang jades that have been discovered in Shaanxi are mostly concentrated in the eastern suburbs of Xi’an at Laoniupo and the Fengji tomb at Liujia, Fufeng.
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