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Gas Explosion Technology and Biomass Refinery,所论技术广泛应用于各类生物质原料的预处理、中草药提取、烟草加工等领域气相爆破技术用于预处理生物质原料，近年来得到了国内外研究者的广泛重视。笔者基于秸秆与木材在化学组成和结构上的差异，提出对秸秆不加任何化学药品的无污染低压蒸汽爆破新技术，并推广到烟草加工、中草药提取、麻纤维清洁脱胶等行业领域。

1 Gas Explosion Technique Principles and Biomass
Refining Pandect
1.1 Gas Explosion Technical Overview
1.1.1 History of Gas Explosion Technique
1.1.2 Technical Classification of Gas Explosion
1.1.3 Latest Developments of Gas Explosion Technique
1.2 Biomass Refinery and Gas Explosion Technology
1.2.1 Biomass Concept and Biomass Refining
1.2.2 Lignocellulosic Biomass Recalcitrance to Degradation
1.2.3 Effective Methods to Expose Cellulose in Cell Wall by Physicochemical Pretreatments
1.2.4 Advantages of Steam Explosion—Derived Biomass Refining
1.3 Foreground and Prospect
1.3.1 Preface
1.3.2 Cognition of Biomass Supermolecule Structure and Necessity of Selective Structural Deconstruction
1.3.3 Analysis of Biomass Recalcitrance and Breaking Pathways
1.3.4 Changes of Biomass Mechanical Properties During Refining Process
1.3.5 Thermodynamics and Dynamics During Biomass Refining Processes
1.3.6 Basis of Biomass Engineering Science
References
2 Principle of Gas Explosion Technology
2.1 The Main Parameters Affecting the Gas Explosion Process
2.1.1 Overview
2.1.2 Effect of Material Parameters on Gas Explosion
2.1.3 Effect of Operating Parameters on Gas Explosion
2.1.4 Effect of Equipment Parameters on the Gas Explosion
2.1.5 Relationship Between Product Parameters and Gas Explosion
2.2 Multi—scale Modeling of Biomass Pretreatment for Steam Explosion Condition Optimization
2.2.1 Overview
2.2.2 Multi—scale Model Eduction in the Instantaneous Decompression Stage of Steam Explosion
2.2.3 Multi—scale Model Connotation
2.2.4 Establishing a Novel Severity Factor on the Basis of Chip Size， Discharge Port Area，and Moisture Content
2.3 Mechanisms of the Physical and Chemical Coupling Effects of Gas Explosion
2.3.1 Overview
2.3.2 Effects of SE on Degradation of Hemicellulose and Lignin
2.3.3 Effects of SE on Pore Distribution of Straw
2.3.4 Effects of SE on Permeability of Straw
2.3.5 Effects of SE on EHY of Straw
2.4 Dissolution Thermodynamics of the Degradation Products of Steam—Exploded Straw
2.4.1 Overview
2.4.2 Effects of Temperature on the Dissolution Rate of Degradation Products
2.4.3 Effects of LSR on the Dissolution Rate of Degradation Products
2.4.4 Effects of Ionic Strength on the Dissolution Rate of Degradation Products
2.4.5 Effects of pH on the Dissolution Rate of Degradation Products
2.4.6 Optimal Dissolution Conditions for Sugars and Phenolic Compounds
2.4.7 Dissolution Thermodynamic Principles for Degradation Products in SE
2.5 Formation Kinetics of Potential Fermentation Inhibitors in a Steam Explosion Process of Corn Straw
2.5.1 Overview
2.5.2 Determination of Potential Fermentation Inhibitors in Steam Explosion Hydrolysates
2.5.3 Yields of Inhibitors at Different Steam Explosion Conditions
2.5.4 Dynamic Parameters and Yield Equations of Inhibitors in Steam Explosion Process
2.6 Analysis of Energy Consumption on Steam Explosion Process
2.6.1 Overview
2.6.2 The Composition of Steam Explosion Energy Consumption
2.6.3 Calculation Formulas for Each Part of Energy
2.6.4 Experiment Design and Data Processing
2.6.5 Relationship Between the Ratio of Tank Height to Diameter， Loading Coefficient， Initial Moisture Content of Materials， Holding Temperature，and Total Energy Consumption
2.6.6 Energy Analysis of Steam Explosion Process
References
3 Gas Explosion Equipments
3.1 Cutter Bar and Dedusting Equipments
3.1.1 Knife—Rall Straw Cutter
3.1.2 Straw Baler
3.1.3 Straw Baler Loosing Machine
3.1.4 Conveyor
3.2 Rehydration and Dehydration Equipments
3.2.1 Rehydration Equipment
3.2.2 Dehydration Equipment
3.3 Gas Explosion Equipments
3.3.1 Batch Gas Explosion Equipment
3.3.2 Continuous Gas Explosion Equipments 1
3.3.3 In Situ Gas Explosion Equipment
3.4 Steam Generator
3.4.1 Overview of Steam Generator
3.4.2 Electric Steam Generator
3.4.3 Fuel Steam Generator
3.4.4 Coal—Fired Steam Generator
3.5 Receiver
3.6 Parameters Detection
3.6.1 System for Dynamic Data Test
3.6.2 Pressure Transducers
3.6.3 Temperature Transducers
3.6.4 Solid Flowmeter
3.7 Carding Device
3.7.1 Hydraulic Carding Device （Paul Fractionator）
3.7.2 Airflow Grading Device
3.7.3 Mechanical Carding Device
References
4 Process Development of Gas Explosion
4.1 Process Development of Gas Explosion Technology
4.1.1 Overview of Gas Explosion Technology
4.1.2 Iogen Steam Explosion Technology
4.1.3 Stake Steam Explosion Technology
4.1.4 Low—Pressure and Non—pollution Steam Explosion
6.4.6 Protein Fiber Processing
6.5 Application of Steam Explosion Technology in Chemical Industry
6.5.1 Oxalic Acid
6.5.2 Furfural
6.5.3 Acetylpropionic Acid
6.5.4 Xylooligosaccharide／Xylose／Xylitol
6.5.5 Citric Acid
6.5.6 Xanthan Gum
6.5.7 Phenolic Acids
6.5.8 Silicon Dioxide
6.5.9 Chemical Production Examples Based on Steam Explosion Technology
6.6 Application of Steam Explosion Technology in Environmental Protection
6.6.1 Damage and Management of Solid Wastes
6.6.2 Organic Fertilizer Manufacturing
6.6.3 Application of Steam Explosion in Papermaking Industry
6.6.4 Environmental Materials Manufactured with Steam—Exploded
References

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